This NOFO is intended to support research that addresses barriers youth and families encounter when accessing empirically-supported practices for mental health. NIMH seeks applications with high public health impact that will study methods to increase access to, and quality of, empirically-supported practices for youth mental health, including but not limited to: youth and families who are affected by health disparities; those who experiencing food insecurities, housing instability, and homelessness; and those living in rural areas, inner cities, and other under-resourced areas.. Applications may propose research related to optimizing assessment of risk and mental illness; optimizing and implementing prevention, treatment, and service interventions and strategies; overcoming challenges related to workforce shortages and wait lists for treatment; integration of treatment and preventive interventions into settings where youth are most likely to be identified as needing care (e.g., schools, pediatric medicine, community organizations, social services, and juvenile justice), and service interventions that address systemic barriers to access and quality of mental health care (e.g., structural, policy, organizational, value in terms of cost/financing, management). Projects may also test the impact of policies and practices, interventions to facilitate care transitions and continuity across settings, and interventions to improve linkages/coordination across systems.